The Dr. A.Q. Khan Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (KIBGE) at the University of Karachi has successfully completed the full genome sequencing of Pakistan's valuable indigenous cattle breed, the Red Sindhi Cattle. This achievement marks a significant scientific breakthrough for infection control, disease prevention, and improving livestock productivity.
Research Collaboration and Funding
The project was completed under the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program Phase I of the Sindh Higher Education Commission. The research was led by Postdoctoral Fellow Dr. Roohi Kanwal under the supervision of Professor Dr. Saima Saleem. Dr. Nazir Hussain Kalohoro, Director of the Sindh Institute of Animal Health, also collaborated on this research project.
During the research, the complete genomic characteristics of the virus obtained from animals infected with Lumpy Skin Disease were also studied, which helped in deeply understanding the biological interactions between host and virus. This is the first successful attempt of its kind through which the complete genetic blueprint of Red Sindhi cattle has been compiled.
Implications for Livestock Industry
According to Professor Dr. Saima Saleem, this achievement will open new research pathways in modern breeding, disease resistance, and increasing milk and meat production. Scientists associated with the project have termed this achievement a revolutionary step towards modernizing Pakistan's livestock industry through genomic science.
The Red Sindhi breed of cattle holds a key position in the rural economy across Sindh and the country due to its adaptation to harsh climatic conditions, high milk yield capacity, and natural resistance against local diseases. However, until now, limited genetic information has posed challenges in further improving their traits on modern scientific grounds.
Technological Approach
The research team analyzed the complete genome using Next Generation Sequencing technology, during which important genes related to milk production, heat tolerance, and immunity were identified. According to experts, this information will enable more effective selection of animals with superior traits and reduce reliance on traditional trial-and-error breeding methods.
This genomic breakthrough is expected to enhance disease resistance, improve productivity, and contribute to the sustainability of Pakistan's livestock sector.
