LAHORE: Urbanisation, shrinking green spaces, artificial lighting and widespread misconceptions among the public are contributing to a gradual decline in bat populations in Lahore, wildlife experts and biologists have warned, stressing the need for conservation measures to protect the species and maintain urban biodiversity.
Historic Roosting Site Under Threat
The historic Bagh-e-Jinnah remains one of the largest bat roosting sites in Lahore, where hundreds of bats can still be seen hanging from old trees during the day before leaving in search of food at dusk. However, experts say their numbers have been steadily declining over the years.
According to wildlife expert Shahzaib Khurshid, rapid urban expansion is the primary reason behind the decrease in bat populations. He said the construction of roads, housing schemes and commercial projects has led to the loss of mature trees and natural habitats that bats depend on for shelter. “Bats prefer old and dense trees in relatively undisturbed environments. As cities continue to expand, suitable habitats for these animals are becoming increasingly scarce,” he said.
Public Misconceptions Worsen Decline
Experts believe that public misconceptions about bats are also contributing to their decline. While some citizens view bats as an important part of nature, others continue to associate them with superstition and fear. During a visit to Bagh-e-Jinnah, several residents shared differing views about the animals.
John Meric said bats are part of Allah’s creation and every living being has a purpose in nature. “People should try to understand their role in the environment instead of fearing them,” he said. Joham expressed a similar view, saying that nothing in nature is created without purpose. He said bats play a role in maintaining ecological balance and deserve protection. Muhammad Munir said many beliefs surrounding bats are based on myths rather than facts. He stressed the importance of public awareness and scientific education about wildlife.
On the other hand, some residents acknowledged holding negative perceptions about bats. Rehana Ahmed said she had grown up hearing that bats are a bad omen and therefore always felt uncomfortable around them. Bushra Khalid said many people believe bats suck blood, making them fearful of the animals. Imtiaz Hussain said bats’ unusual appearance and sudden flight patterns often create fear and disgust among some members of the public.
Ecological Importance of Bats
Wildlife experts, however, say such perceptions have little scientific basis. They note that most bat species found in Pakistan are harmless to humans and play an important role in maintaining ecological balance. Senior Veterinary Officer Dr Muhammad Azhar said bats are an essential component of healthy ecosystems. He explained that insect-eating bats help control mosquito and pest populations naturally, reducing the need for chemical interventions. “The presence of bats is often an indicator of a healthy environment. Public awareness is necessary to dispel myths and encourage coexistence with wildlife,” he said.
Experts say bats provide valuable ecological services by consuming large numbers of insects, including mosquitoes, moths and agricultural pests. Some species also contribute to pollination and seed dispersal, supporting plant diversity and forest regeneration.
Call for Conservation Measures
Head of the Department of Zoology at the University of the Punjab, Dr Zulfiqar Ali, said urbanisation, excessive artificial lighting, noise pollution and habitat destruction have affected a wide range of urban wildlife species in Lahore. He noted that several species of birds, insects and other forms of urban wildlife have either declined significantly or disappeared from parts of the city over the past few decades. “To conserve bats and other urban wildlife, authorities need to protect mature trees, restore green corridors, reduce unnecessary lighting and promote the plantation of native tree species in parks and public spaces,” he said. Dr Ali added that educational institutions and the media also have an important role to play in raising awareness about biodiversity conservation.
Experts describe Bagh-e-Jinnah as one of Lahore’s most important urban biodiversity sites, providing refuge to bats and other wildlife within the city. They warn that the continued decline of bat populations is not merely a wildlife issue but a sign of weakening biodiversity in urban environments. They stress that protecting natural habitats and improving public understanding of wildlife are essential steps to ensure that bats continue to remain a part of Lahore’s ecological landscape for future generations.
