A recent study conducted by the Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Jinnah Sindh Medical University (JSMU) has uncovered alarming practices regarding the disposal of expired and unused medicines in Karachi. The research, published in the Allied Medical Research Journal, surveyed 2,000 adults from various areas of the metropolis to evaluate public awareness and practices related to pharmaceutical waste disposal.
Key Findings
The study revealed that a significant majority of residents are disposing of medicines in unsafe ways. Specifically, 86% of respondents throw expired or unused medicines into household garbage, while 8% flush them down drains or toilets. Only 4% of participants were aware of drug take-back programmes, with a staggering 96% unfamiliar with such systems.
Health and Environmental Risks
Improper disposal of pharmaceutical waste poses serious threats to public health and the environment. Medicines in landfills can leach into soil and water, potentially contaminating drinking water sources and harming wildlife. Flushing medications can introduce active pharmaceutical ingredients into waterways, affecting aquatic ecosystems and potentially contributing to antibiotic resistance.
Expert Comments
JSMU Vice Chancellor Prof Dr Amjad Siraj Memon emphasized the importance of academic research in identifying overlooked issues. He stated, “This study highlights how academic research can identify overlooked issues affecting public health and the environment. Universities have a responsibility to generate evidence that supports better policymaking and healthier societies.”
Dr. Memon further added, “This study highlights a critical yet neglected issue that requires joint efforts from healthcare professionals, policymakers, academic institutions, regulatory bodies and the public. Proper management of pharmaceutical waste is essential for both environmental and public health protection.”
IPS-JSMU Principal Prof Huma Ali commented on the gap between awareness and practice. She said, “The findings reveal a clear gap between awareness and safe disposal practices. Many people know pharmaceutical waste can be harmful, but lack practical knowledge of proper disposal methods.”
Recommendations
The study calls for increased public education campaigns about safe medicine disposal, including the establishment of more drug take-back programmes. It also recommends that healthcare providers counsel patients on proper disposal methods and that policymakers implement regulations to facilitate safe pharmaceutical waste management.
