A research report published by UK-based strategic research and communications platform Pakistan Playbook has highlighted Pakistan’s military performance and diplomatic achievements during Operation Bunyan-un-Marsoos in May 2025, describing the country’s response as a significant strategic success supported by evidence compiled from international sources.
Military Superiority and Indian Losses
According to the report, Pakistan demonstrated clear military superiority during the conflict, claiming that several Indian military aircraft, including Rafale fighter jets, were destroyed. It states that assessments by American and French intelligence officials, along with public remarks by India’s Chief of Defence Staff and its Defence Attaché, acknowledged that India suffered substantial losses during the confrontation.
The report argues that Pakistan’s integrated air defence system and modern military capabilities effectively neutralized Indian drone attacks, while Indian strikes under Operation Sindoor failed to inflict significant damage on key Pakistani military installations. It further states that satellite imagery and available evidence support the assessment that Pakistan did not lose any of its combat aircraft during the conflict.
Cost Comparison and Economic Impact
The study also compares the cost of the Pakistan Air Force’s J-10C fighter aircraft—estimated at between $40 million and $55 million—with India’s Rafale jets, which it estimates cost between $115 million and $140 million each. The report estimates that Pakistan sustained minimal losses, while India’s overall economic and military losses amounted to approximately $45 billion to $51 billion during the conflict.
Diplomatic Gains and Mediation Role
Beyond the battlefield, the report credits Pakistan with playing a pivotal role in strengthening its diplomatic engagement following the conflict. It says Pakistan expanded its strategic partnerships with the United States and other major powers, improved relations with international organizations, including the European Union, and enhanced its global diplomatic standing.
The report also highlights Pakistan’s role in facilitating the completion of the United States-Iran peace agreement, describing Islamabad’s mediation efforts as an important contribution to regional stability and international peace.
Conclusion: Modern Warfare Lessons
According to the report, the outcome of the conflict demonstrates that success in modern warfare depends not only on defence spending but also on strategic leadership, professional military capability, operational planning and effective diplomacy. It concludes that Pakistan emerged from the conflict with gains on both the military and diplomatic fronts.
